Insights into the social and psychological factors affecting the reintegration of sexually exploited children in Zimbabwe

Abstract

Sexually exploited children in Zimbabwe encounter numerous challenges that impede their recovery and reintegration into society. This qualitative study focused on the social and psychological challenges affecting the reintegration of these children. The study collected data from 60 participants comprising sexually exploited children, caregivers and managers working in rehabilitation institutions, among other stakeholders involved in the reintegration process. Data were analysed using thematic procedures and results show that pervasive stigma and discrimination, enduring trauma and psychological distress, lack of education, and economic hardships were hindering the reintegration efforts in Zimbabwe. Furthermore, the study found that cultural norms and beliefs that condone sexual exploitation exacerbate the problem, particularly affecting girls and young women. The enduring trauma and psychological distress experienced by these children result in emotional scars, including post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, and feelings of shame and guilt. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach involving education, awareness-raising, advocacy, and trauma-informed care. Access to mental health services and comprehensive psychosocial support is crucial for healing and recovery. Therefore, a holistic approach encompassing physical, social, and emotional well-being, along with support networks, is essential for successful reintegration.